what takes oxygen to the heart? what takes oxygen to the heart?
The heart is a muscular pump well-nigh the size of your fist, located at the centre of the thorax, betwixt the two lungs. Information technology is the engine of the circulatory system.
Its normal function is closely tied to its oxygenation.
The coronary arteries
Two arteries take the crucial task of supplying the heart with oxygen: these are the coronary arteries. Whatsoever reduction in the oxygen supply can have serious and sometimes irreversible consequences for the heart.
Let's have a closer look at the coronary arteries.
Left and Right coronary
The coronary arteries are the start to leave the aorta. Their starting point is institute immediately in a higher place the aortic valve.
For those interested in a more detailed expect as to how the heart apportionment works, nosotros take provided the following information
Patients who have their coronary arteries repaired through the installation of a metal stent are oftentimes curious to know the name of the repaired artery. Here, and then, are a few details on the anatomy of coronary arteries.
The left coronary artery splits into two branches right after it leaves the heart. This offset segment is called the left principal coronary artery.
One of the branches descends forth the front of the heart. This is called the left anterior descending artery. It runs along the anterior intraventricular sulcus, i.e., the groove where the eye's two front ventricles meet.
The arteries that co-operative out from it are called the diagonal branches.
The circumflex avenue is the second artery that stems off of the left main coronary artery. It follows the contour of the heart on the left side and the marginal arteries branch out from it.
The correct coronary artery follows the contour of the middle on the correct and, in ix people out of x, descends behind the heart towards the apex. It follows the posterior groove where the right ventricle meets the left ventricle. This function of the artery is chosen the posterior interventricular artery.
In i person out of x, the posterior interventricular artery is a branch of the circumflex coronary artery on the left side of the heart.
Oxygenation of the middle has differences
Blood apportionment in the cardiac musculus is item: opposite to blood circulation in the body, the blood stops flowing during a contraction.
In fact, the wrinkle of the cardiac muscle crushes the branches that penetrate the muscle to oxygenate it. Blood apportionment is thus cut off during the contraction of the left ventricle. The claret can but pass through when the eye releases, i.e., during its resting phase.
Despite this, the centre's oxygen requirements are met in a very effective and handsomely sufficient fashion. The human trunk is designed to sufficiently oxygenate this motor in accuse of circulating oxygen and vital nutrients throughout the residuum of the torso.
In fact, even a third of the time it takes red claret cells to pass through the capillaries would be enough to deliver enough oxygen to the cardiac muscle. The capillaries are the microscopic vessels where red blood cells laissez passer through in single file to release oxygen into the muscle and take abroad the carbon dioxide generated past the middle's piece of work.
Everything works perfectly every bit long every bit the need for oxygen is in harmony with its supply.
4 factors of consumption of "fuel"
Now allow's look at the four (4) factors that make up one's mind the heart's oxygen (02) needs. We tin can compare them to the factors that affect a car's gas consumption.
Consider:
In the heart, oxygen needs are determined by:
- The acceptable filling of the left ventricle; it must be neither too empty nor too total
- The left ventricle's resistance to emptying its contents into the aorta
- The strength of its contractions
- The eye rate
Heart medications affect these factors
In the case of certain diseases, similar angina, the doc prescribes medication to reduce the center'due south efforts and its oxygen (O2) requirements. The medication acts on 1 or several of these oxygen consumption factors.
Information technology takes an oxygen carrier
Every bit for the oxygen supply, this depends on the quantity of crimson claret cells present in the blood.
These are like "footling boats" that are responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood.
Information technology takes pipes
The oxygen supply also depends on the state of the pipe that irrigates the heart, i.east., the coronary arteries.
These pipes are fabricated of three layers
The coronary arteries, like all the other arteries of our body, are made of three layers.
Each one of these layers plays a specific role, but the middle 1 is particularly important in the development of the cholesterol plaques.
Internal layer: intima
The internal layer called intima is similar a thin layer of Teflon. It is responsible for the integrity of the vessel and protects it from the formation of claret clots.
It naturally produces substances used to amplify the artery when necessary. One could compare that to the nitroglycerin that certain patients must use to salvage chest pain. The intima thus helps keep the artery at a larger size where necessary.
Middle layer: media
The media, in the eye, is thicker and made up of shine musculus cells. It gives the artery the power to contract and to amplify.
The nitroglycerin spray that some people use for angina acts on this layer. Information technology induces a vessel relaxation. The vessel becomes larger, circulation improves and angina is relieved.
External layer: adventitia
The adventitia is the external coating. It is the about resistant part of the artery and offers a protective effect to the vessel.
At birth, the inside of the coronary arteries is polish and pink, but the media alters with age. It looses its suppleness, causing the arteries to harden equally nosotros abound older.
Next chapter: Angina
Source: http://icardio.ca/en/articles/how-it-works/oxygenation-of-the-heart-and-its-blood-circulation
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